Anglicism
Anglicisms are linguistic loans from English to other languages , that is, to the words, phrases and idioms that, in our case, Spanish often borrows from English, despite having its own resources to say the same thing. It is a type of foreignism that, depending on the case and point of view, can be classified as barbarism or as a neologism , depending on the reasons that motivate its use.
Anglicisms are very common today, due to the great importance of English as a commercial, media and technological language, especially in nations and geographic regions that have traditionally been in contact with British or North American culture. Its majority areas tend to be adolescent speech , entertainment and Internet slang , Spanglish speakers, and specialized languages in the scientific-technological area.
Like all foreign words, Anglicisms are rejected and fought by the most purist positions of the language , that is, by those who consider their incorporation into the language unnecessary, given that it generally has the ability to name any referent or, in any case, case, to create new words to do it. On the other hand, others believe that foreign words may be necessary when they fill a gap in the language itself.
Anglicisms, in any case, can consist of:
- Lexical loanwords , that is, in words or idioms copied verbatim from English (such as “online” instead of “on line”).
- Castilianized terms (such as “tweet”), although they are often recognized as new pieces of the Spanish language (that is, as neologisms).
- Syntactic turns and clichés (such as “make sense” instead of “have sense”, in imitation of the Anglo-Saxon to make sense ).
Types of Anglicism
There is no formal classification of Anglicisms, but in general we can differentiate between those that come to enrich the language and fill its gaps (necessary) and those that respond to banal reasons such as fashion , and that rather impoverish the language (unnecessary). . The former usually end up being formally incorporated into the language, while the latter do not.
The latter is the case, for example, of the use of storytelling instead of “narrative” in certain professional circuits, considered totally unnecessary and the result of posturing. While Anglicisms such as software are much more difficult and cumbersome to translate into Spanish, which is why they have been accepted as neologisms.
However, we must remember that the norm of a language, over time, always ends up being the use that its speakers make of it, so these two categories of Anglicisms can change from one era to another. The language, after all, is a living organism.
Examples of anglicisms
The following are different cases of anglicisms:
- Software , Hardware , PC (for Personal Computer ), Internet , Online , Torrent , Email , Copy , Chat , Link , Blog , Web , App , Mouse , CD (for Compact Disc ), DVD (for Digital Video Disc ), Bluetooth , Click , Zoom , Router , Modem , Switch , and other terms from the world of computing and telecommunications.
- Business , Casting , Backstage , Show , Fashion , Trendy , Jeans , Look , Manager , VIP (from Very Important Person ), Boom , Boxers , Panties and other terms from the world of fashion and showbiz, especially the American one.
- Marketing , Pitch , Delivery , CEO (from Chief Executive Officer ), Copyright , Rating , Stock , Banner , Cash , Trust , Dumping , Flow , Outsourcing , Coaching and other terms of economic, financial or corporate jargon.
- Thriller , Prime , Reality Show , Hobby , Spoiler , Single , Camping , LP ( Long Play ), Customize or customization (instead of “personalization”) and other terms linked to music, cinema, video games and entertainment.
- Rugby , Golf , Cricket , Club , Volleyball ¸ Basketball , Bungee Jumping , Running and Runner , Soccer , Jogging , Jogging , Corner , Penalty , Skate , Goal and other terms from the sporting world.
- Other everyday voices such as Parking , Test , Bacon , Brackets , Tetra brick , Wipe , Okey , Hippie , Zombie , Mall , Shopping , After Office or Happy Hour .
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